A.S. Silitonga, H.H. Masjuki, Hwai Chyuan Ong, T.M.I. Mahlia, F. Kusumo
Microalgae are promising alternative plant sources for biodiesel production because of the significant increase in lipid yield through heterotrophic cultivation and genetic engineering approaches. This study aims to evaluate the extraction and conversion of lipids from Isochrysis galbana. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize lipid extraction and thereby obtain high yields from the four microalgae species. The optimal lipid yields for Isochrysis galbana is 8.41 wt%. Moreover, the dominant lipid composition found from Isochrysis galbana extractions was palmitic acid (C16:0) at 22.3%. The high saturated acid of Isochrysis galbana contributed to the improved biodiesel properties because biodiesel quality is influenced by the lipid composition of microalgae species. The study employed the two-step esterification–transesterification process to convert the microalgae oil into biodiesel, glycerol, and water. The FAME content is 99.7% under the methanol to oil molar mass of 12:1, 1 wt%, 65°C, and 800 rpm. Furthermore, the main biodiesel properties, such as viscosity, higher heating value, and iodine value, were measured according to ASTM D6751 and EN 14124. Results show that microalgae oil can potentially be used as biofuel in future applications. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, Medan, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Janabadra, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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