Abdul Munir, Satoru Takada, Takayuki Matsushita, Hiroko Kubo
This study develops a model to predict the thermophysiological response of the human body during shower bathing. Despite the needs for the quantitative evaluation of human body response during bathing for thermal comfort and safety, the complicated mechanisms of heat transfer at the skin surface, especially during shower bathing, have disturbed the development of adequate models. In this study, an initial modeling approach is proposed by developing a simple heat transfer model at the skin surface during shower bathing applied to Stolwijk's human thermal model. The main feature of the model is the division of the skin surface into three parts: a dry part, a wet part without water flow, and a wet part with water flow. The area ratio of each part is decided by a simple formula developed from a geometrical approach based on the shape of the Stolwijk's human thermal model. At the same time, the convective heat transfer coefficient between the skin and the flowing water is determined experimentally. The proposed model is validated by a comparison with the results of human subject experiments under controlled and free shower conditions. The model predicts the mean skin temperature during shower fairly well both for controlled and free shower bathing styles. © 2009 ISB.
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Darussalam, Indonesia; Department of Architecture, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Rokko, Nada, Japan; Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Kitauoya-nishimachi, Japan
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