Sofia Sofia, Juwita Juwita, Miftahuddin Miftahuddin, Teuku Maulana, Hafifatunnur Hafifatunnur, Dany Azhary
Hypertension is a public health problem worldwide because of its high prevalence and also contributes as a risk factor for stroke, cardiovascular, and kidney disease. World Health Organization 2023 has estimated that 1.28 billion adults aged 30-79 years worldwide have hypertension who live in low- and middle-income countries. Unhealthy lifestyles, such as smoking, may contribute to the incidence of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the association between smoking and blood pressure in the residents of East Simeulue District, Aceh Province, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted for 50 active smokers and 50 non-smokers living in Kota Batu and Amiria Bahagia villages. All male samples were measured for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and degree of smoking. A chi-square test was used to assess the association between smoking and blood pressure. The results showed that 50% of respondents had a normal body mass index. Systolic blood pressure in the smoker group majority were normal (42%), followed by pre-hypertension (34%), grade 1 hypertension (18%), and grade 2 hypertension (6%) and for diastolic blood pressure majority were normal (60%), followed by pre-hypertension (20%), grade 1 hypertension (18%), and grade 2 hypertension (2%). The mean of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure was determined among smokers (128.96±17.576; 79.46±10.654) and non-smokers (130.74±20.981; 80.62±13,55). The distribution degree of smoking is mostly light (54%), followed by moderate (40%) and heavy (6%). There was a significant association between the degree of smoking with systolic (p=0.000) and diastolic (p=0.003) blood pressure. It is concluded that smoking contributes to blood pressure, and action to stop smoking is the right way to control blood pressure. Active smokers who have been smoking for a long time are at a higher risk of developing high blood pressure. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, Indonesia; Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Medical Doctor Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
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