Anisa Luthfiana, Sri Mulyati, Nasrul Arahman, Muhammad Roil Bilad, Muhammad Prayogie Aulia
The rapid growth of industries has led to increased environmental concerns, particularly regarding the disposal of oily wastewater, where oil-water emulsions present a significant challenge. Conventional separation techniques are often ineffective due to the stability of oil droplets in water, necessitating advanced solutions. Membrane technology has emerged as a promising method for oil-water emulsion separation, offering high separation efficiency and lower energy consumption. However, membrane fouling remains a critical issue, affecting performance and operational costs. To address this, various additives have been introduced to enhance membrane antifouling properties. This review explores the potential of natural additives, such as biochar, tannic acid, ginger, and dragon blood resin, for improving membrane performance. These additives are shown to reduce fouling by increasing membrane hydrophilicity, preventing oil droplet adhesion, and extending membrane lifespan. Various techniques, including electrospinning, coating, and blending, are discussed for incorporating additives into membranes. The results highlight that membranes modified with natural additives achieve over 95% selectivity in oil-water separation and significant antifouling properties, with recovery rates exceeding 90%. © 2026 Author(s)
Doctoral Program, School of Engineering, Post Graduate Program, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam; Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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