Putri Santy, Amalia Sutriana, Tongku Nizwan Siregar, Hamni Sofyan
This study investigates the phytochemical profile of Syzygium cumini L. extracts using three solvents - n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol - to assess their efficacy in extracting various bioactive compounds. Phytochemical screening revealed that ethyl acetate and ethanol were effective in extracting flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and alkaloids, while n-hexane selectively extracted steroids. Flavonoids were absent in n-hexane extracts, underscoring its limited capacity to isolate polar compounds. Ethyl acetate demonstrated versatility by extracting a broad spectrum of compounds, including alkaloids (as indicated by Dragendorff, Mayer, and Wagner tests), positioning it as a potentially effective solvent for comprehensive phytochemical extraction. Ethanol, due to its polar nature, was efficient in extracting both flavonoids and phenolics, suggesting it may be preferable for antioxidant-rich extracts. The findings highlight that solvent polarity plays a critical role in phytochemical extraction, with ethanol solvent providing the most diverse profile of active compounds. This insight offers a strategic approach for selecting solvents based on the desired compounds in future studies. These results contribute to the field by providing a foundational understanding of how solvent choice impacts phytochemical profiles, which is particularly relevant for developing natural antioxidant and therapeutic agents. Future research may build on this study by isolating and testing the bioactivity of specific compounds from Syzygium cumini extracts, paving the way for novel applications in pharmacology and nutraceuticals. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Midwifery, Aceh Polytechnic of Health, Aceh Besar, 23241, Indonesia; Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Laboratory of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Laboratory of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
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