Nasir Adamu, Khalid Umar, Tabassum Parveen, Nur Farhana Jaafar, Ilham Maulana
Collagen, with its significant advantages such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, accessibility, and adaptability, plays a pivotal role in both research and medical applications. Constituting about one-third of the body's protein tissue mass, collagen is the predominant protein in various mammalian tissues, including bones, skin, tendons, and teeth. This abstract highlights the importance of collagen type I as a crucial structural element essential for complete integration within bone tissue, contributing to its strength and hemostatic properties. While collagen possesses substantial merits, its proteinaceous nature poses challenges in terms of sterilization due to the complexities associated with altering its structure. Researchers have identified 28 collagen types, with type I prevailing in the extracellular matrix and being notably abundant in tissues such as tendons and bones. Overcoming challenges and optimizing collagen performance involves exploring modifications or combinations with scaffolding materials, with hydrogels and collagen scaffolds currently proving effective for this purpose. Collagen's versatility extends to its role as an effective matrix for various cell types, facilitating 3D cell culturing within hydrogels. In addition, enhanced collagen seamlessly integrates into titanium scaffolds, providing crucial mechanical support without compromising essential qualities. This abstract underscores the pivotal role of collagen in advancing tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, showcasing its ongoing prominence in both research and medical applications. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic Daura, Katsina State, Daura, Nigeria; School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh, India; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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