Lubna Alam, Siti Zulaiha Zolkaply, Ussif Rashid Sumaila, Ibnu Rusydy, Ahmad Abas Kutty, Md. Azizul Bari, Mazlin Mokhtar, Kumara Perumal Pradhoshini, Subbiah Krishnakumar, Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
Fish biodiversity in Malaysia is under pressure due to overexploitation, pollution, and climatic stressors. Nevertheless, the information on fish biodiversity and species vulnerability status is not well documented in the region. Therefore, a study on fish species composition and abundance in the Malacca Strait of Malaysia has been conducted for the purpose of monitoring biodiversity, determining the risk of species extinction, and identifying factors influencing biodiversity distribution. The sampling was conducted based on a random stratified sampling method from the three zones of sampling locations, i.e., estuary, mangrove, and open sea area of Tanjung Karang and Port Klang of Malacca Strait. Higher species diversity was recorded at Tanjung Karang coastal and mangrove areas (H′ = 2.71; H′ = 1.64) than Port Klang coastal and mangrove areas (H′ = 1.50, H′ = 0.29), an indication that the Port Klang area is comparatively more vulnerable. The study also explored sampling location, habitat, and IUCN red list as the influencing factors for fish biodiversity. Applying IUCN red list, this study identified one Endangered and one Vulnerable species with the forecasted increasing landing for both species. Our findings suggest the urgent need for the implementation of conservation measures as well as the continuous monitoring of fish biodiversity in the area. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023.
Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, 43600, Malaysia; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo Street, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia; Department of Agrotechnology and Bio-Industry, Jalan Raya, Lebuhraya Timur-Barat, Bandar Jeli, Kelantan, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia; Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, Faculty of Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, 43600, Malaysia; Department of Geology, Malankara Catholic College, Mariyagiri, Kaniyakumari District, Kaliyakkavilai, 629 153, India; Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Tamilnadu, Chennai, 600 014, India; United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network Asia Headquarters (UN SDSN ASIA), Sunway University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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