Cut Husna, Darmawati, Sarah Firdausa, Ahyana, Irfanita Nurhidayah
Background and aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly prevalent worldwide, and pharmacological therapy is essential for glycemic control. Insulin therapy (IT) and oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) are commonly used, but they may have different effects on body composition. This study aimed to compare body composition between patients with T2DM receiving IT and those receiving OHA. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 314 patients with T2DM at a tertiary hospital in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Participants were divided equally into IT and OHA groups (n=157 each). Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and data were analyzed using independent t-tests, and multiple linear regression. Results: Patients treated with IT had significantly higher body weight, BMI, body fat, muscle mass, bone mass, muscle quality score, physique rating, and visceral fat compared with those on OHA (all p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in basal metabolic rate, metabolic age, total body water, or body height. Regression analysis showed that BMI and gender were the strongest predictors of body fat, muscle mass, and visceral fat, while age was associated with muscle quality and metabolic age. Conclusion: Insulin therapy in patients with T2DM was associated with higher adiposity and altered body composition compared with OHA use. Routine monitoring of body composition and targeted lifestyle interventions should be integrated into the management of T2DM patients receiving insulin. © The Author(s), 2026.
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Department of Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Department of Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Research at a Glance
Register to unlock
Topics & SDG Alignment
Register to unlock
Collaboration
Register to unlock
Author Profile (Selected)
Register to unlock
References Overview
Register to unlock
Journal & Source
Register to unlock
Metadata & Integrity
Register to unlock