Yu-Ming Lai, Ping-Ping Liu, Sun-Lin Chung, Azman A. Ghani, Hao-Yang Lee, Long Xiang Quek, Shan Li, Muhammad Hatta Roselee, Sayed Murtadha, Lediyantje Lintjewas, Yoshiyuki Iizuka
Sumatra is located at the western end of the Sunda Arc, which resulted from the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. In this study, we report detailed zircon U–Pb and Hf isotope data for Cenozoic igneous rocks from the entire island of Sumatra to better constrain the temporal and spatial distribution of arc magmatism. The new dataset, combined with literature information, identifies the following two magmatic stages: (1) Paleocene to Early Eocene (66–48 Ma) and (2) Early Miocene to Recent (23–0 Ma), with a 25 myr-long period of magmatic quiescence in between. The magmatic zircons show predominantly pos-itive and high εHf(t) values, ranging from +19.4 to +7.1 in western Sumatra, +17.1 to +1.6 in central Sumatra and +18.0 to +7.0 in eastern Sumatra, indicating an isotopically juvenile magma source in the mantle wedge along the western Sunda Arc. We explain the negative and low εHf(t) values (+0.5 to −13.1) of young samples around the supervolcano Toba as evidence for the subduction of sediment. We argue for a change in the sub-duction processes, where the first magmatic stage ceased owing to the termination of the Neo-Tethyan subduction and the following stage corresponded to the modern Sunda subduction. © 2023 The Author(s).
Department of Earth Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan; Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan; Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Department of Geology, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bandung, 40135, Indonesia
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