Qiao Guan, Heng Xu, Liuye Huang, Ilham Zulfahmi, Mohamed S. Kisha, Waliullah Masroor, Cheng Zhao, Quanquan Cao
The gonadal development of fish is a complex biological process that plays a crucial role in their reproductive success. Among various environmental factors, temperature has a particularly significant influence on this developmental pathway. As fish populations face the growing challenges of climate change, understanding the regulatory mechanisms by which temperature affects gonadal development is becoming increasingly important for both conservation and effective management. This paper explores the intricate ways in which temperature regulates gonadal development in fish. It begins with an examination of hormonal regulation, then delves into epigenetic modifications, and ultimately focuses on temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). By reviewing current research and emerging trends, we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between temperature and gonadal development. As climate change continues to reshape aquatic ecosystems, a deeper understanding of how temperature regulates gonadal development will be essential for predicting and mitigating its effects. Future research should prioritize the integration of hormonal, epigenetic, and genetic approaches to unravel the complex interactions involved. Such insights will not only strengthen conservation strategies but also enhance aquaculture practices in the face of global climate change. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt; Faculty of Marine Sciences, LUAWMS, Uthal, 10250, Pakistan; Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jiangsu, Jurong, 212400, China
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