Dedy Darwinsyah, Muhammad Adam, Mukhlis Yunus, Hafasnuddin Hafasnuddin
Purpose: This study aims to examine how internal human behavioral factors, specifically competence, integrity, and job placement, shape public organizational performance through the mediating role of good governance practices, while also assessing the moderating effect of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). The analysis is situated within the law enforcement context, where discretion, ethical risk, and governance challenges are particularly salient. Design/methodology/approach: The study adopts a quantitative research design using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a mediating–moderating framework. Primary data were collected in 2024 through structured questionnaires administered to 396 personnel of the Aceh Regional Police of the Indonesian National Police, drawn proportionally from a population of 35,315 officers. Findings: The findings reveal that competence and integrity exert significant direct effects on both good governance practices and organizational performance, whereas job placement significantly influences governance but does not have a direct effect on performance. All three variables, namely competence, integrity, and job placement, indirectly enhance organizational performance through good governance, confirming governance as a central institutional mechanism. In addition, OCB significantly strengthens the relationship between good governance practices and organizational performance, indicating that governance effectiveness is contingent upon discretionary and cooperative behavior among personnel. Research limitations/implications: This study is limited to a single regional police institution, which may constrain the generalizability of the findings. Future research could employ longitudinal or comparative designs across different public-sector organizations or policing units and incorporate additional behavioral or institutional variables to further validate the proposed framework. Practical implications: The results suggest that police organizations should prioritize competence development, integrity reinforcement, and merit-based job placement within robust governance frameworks. Encouraging OCB through supportive leadership and collaborative work environments can further amplify the performance benefits of governance reforms, particularly in public-sector institutions. Social implications: By highlighting the interaction between behavioral attributes and governance mechanisms, this study contributes to strengthening accountability, transparency, and public trust in law enforcement institutions. Strengthening these governance practices is essential not only for improving service quality but also for enabling police organizations to better serve the public interest. Effective internal governance therefore supports the broader mandate of police institutions in maintaining public trust and safeguarding Indonesia’s internal security architecture. Originality/value: This study provides new empirical evidence on the behavioral drivers of good governance and organizational performance within the context of the Indonesian National Police. By examining good governance as a mediating mechanism and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) as a moderating condition, the study offers a context-specific contribution to the governance and organizational behavior literature in Indonesia’s public sector institutions, particularly within law enforcement organizations. © (2026), (OmniaScience). All rights reserved.
Universitas Syiah Kuala (Indonesia), Indonesia
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