Y. Asnawi, A.V.H. Simanjuntak, U. Muksin, M. Okubo, S.I. Putri, S. Rizal, M. Syukri
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Soil or rock properties where buildings are situated play an important role in the ground shaking caused by an earthquake. The highly populated Banda Acehcity in the northernmost Sumatra is flanked by two active faults, the Seulimeum and the Acehsegment. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the subsurface characteristics of the region to reducethe earthquake risk as there was no regional study has been conducted so far.METHODS: Characteristics of the soil or rock of the subsurface were derived from various seismicparameters. The seismic microtremors were recorded at 36 sites covering the highly populatedcity and the two active faults. The spatial autocorrelation method was used to obtain a dispersioncurve based on the relationship between seismic frequencies and phase velocity from triangulargeophones array to determine the shear wave velocity of the subsurface layer. The seismicamplification, dominant frequency and vulnerability value at each measurement point weremeasured using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio method. The maps of velocity structure andHVSR parameters were generated from the interpolation of those seismic parameters.FINDINGS: Based on the variation of the four geophysical parameters: shear wave velocity, seismicamplification, dominant frequency, and seismic vulnerability, the study area can be clusteredinto five different groups: I) Banda Aceh, II) Jantho, III) Krueng Raya, IV) Lhoknga-Lhoong, and V)Seulawah, which classify the different types of rocks. The classification of soil properties from thecombination of shear wave and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio data correlates with the geologyof the study area.CONCLUSION: The Banda Aceh city, flanked by the two active faults, is characterized by low shearwave velocity and high amplification because the city stands on the sedimentary basin; thus, itrequires a detailed investigation prior to constructing infrastructures. The other clusters are locatedon the relatively less vulnerable areas, indicated by moderate shear wave velocity and moderateto low seismic vulnerability indexes. The joint analysis shows that the combination of physicalproperties, including the shear wave velocity, seismic amplification, and dominant frequency,can be used to investigate lithology and seismic vulnerability into a specific cluster. The researchresults are essential for hazard mitigation and can be used for disaster risk management by the localgovernment. A detailed investigation with denser measurement points needs to be conducted tocomprehensively describe the types of rocks in Banda Aceh and its surrounding © 2022 GJESM. All rights reserved
Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Hasan,Gampong Pie, Indonesia; Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency, BMKG, Banda Aceh, 23234, Indonesia; Natural Science Cluster, Science and Technology Unit, Kochi University, Akebono-cho, Kochi, Japan
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