Harapan Harapan, Malik Sallam, Raisha Fathima, Hendrix Indra Kusuma, Samsul Anwar, Widhy Yudistira Nalapraya, Adityo Wibowo, Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati, Ayunda Medina, Anna Hanifa Defrita, Yesi Astri, Arie Prasetyowati, Nurfarahin Nurfarahin, Afriyani Khusna, Setya Oktariana, Sarifuddin Anwar, Milza Oka Yussar, Siti Khotimah, Bahagia Willibrordus Maria Nainggolan, Putri Rizki Amalia Badri, Raden Argarini, Wira Winardi, Khan Sharun, Rosaria Indah, Yogambigai Rajamoorthy, Abram L. Wagner, Mudatsir Mudatsir
Willingness to pay (WTP) for booster doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines is an under studied research topic. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the WTP for the booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines and its predictors in Indonesia using an online survey distributed all over the provinces of this low-middle-income country. The WTP was evaluated using a basic dichotomous contingent valuation approach, and its associated determinants were evaluated using a linear regression model. Out of 2935 responders, 66.2% (1942/2935) were willing to pay for a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The majority of respondents (63.5%) were willing to pay within a price range of 100,000–500,000 Indonesian rupiah (IDR), i.e., USD 6.71–33.57. Being older than 40 years, having a higher educational level, having a higher income, knowing and understanding that booster doses were important, and having a vaccine status that is certified halal (permissible in Islamic law), were all associated with a higher WTP for the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines. The study findings imply that the WTP for a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia is lower compared to acceptance of vaccines provided free of charge. This WTP data can be utilized to develop a pricing scheme for the booster doses of COVID-19 vaccination in the country with potential benefits in other low-income countries. The government may be required to provide subsidies for the herd immunity vaccination process to proceed as anticipated. Furthermore, the public community must be educated on the importance of vaccination as well as the fact that the COVID-19 epidemic is far from being over. © 2022 by the authors.
Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC), Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan; Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, 11942, Jordan; Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, 22184, Sweden; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Biology Education Department, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Medical Faculty of Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, 40116, Indonesia; Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, 35145, Indonesia; Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, 80234, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, 36373, Indonesia; Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, Palembang, 30263, Indonesia; Mungkid Community Health Center, Magelang, 56512, Indonesia; Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tadulako University, Palu, 94148, Indonesia; Public Health Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, 23245, Indonesia; Biochemistry Laboratory, Medical Faculty of Mulawarman University, Samarinda, 75119, Indonesia; Undergraduate Program in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Public Health Department, Medical Faculty of Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, Palembang, 30263, Indonesia; Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia; Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India; Medical Education Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Economics, Faculty of Accountancy and Management, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, 43000, Malaysia; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, United States
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