Said Ali Akbar, Muhammad Hasan, Zulkarnain Jalil, Ilham Zulfahmi, Muhammad Iqhrammullah, Nila Safina
This study investigates the potential of NaOH-activated carbon from Manihot utilissima peels as an ammonia nitrogen filter in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Carbon was synthesized via carbonization at 300 °C and chemical activation with NaOH, resulting in a highly porous structure with a surface area of 1725 m2/g. By Week 4, ammonia concentrations decreased significantly from 12.30 ± 0.18 μg g−1 in the control to 7.46 ± 0.06 μg g−1 in the 20 g treatment (P5), accompanied by lower glutamine synthetase (GSase) activity (398.33 ± 2.89 to 258.33 ± 10.41 μmol mg−1 h−1). Ammonia excretion rates (JAmm) ranged from 2.23 ± 0.15 mmol g−1 h−1 in P1 to 3.07 ± 0.12 mmol g−1 h−1 in P5 under fed conditions and decreased during fasting. Growth performance improved, with the specific growth rate (SGR) increasing from 1.61 ± 0.22 %/day to 3.59 ± 0.03 %/day, feed conversion ratio (FCR) improving from 1.79 ± 0.26 to 0.75 ± 0.03, and 100 % survival in P5. These results highlight the efficacy of cassava peel-derived activated carbon as a sustainable filtration material for enhancing water quality and productivity in RAS aquaculture. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Natural Science and Mathematics Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, 23123, Indonesia
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