Yi-Tien Hsu, Hsin-Jen Chen, Amanda Yufika, Hendra Zufry
Aims: To explore the association between dietary knowledge, attitude, and practices during Ramadan among Muslim patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Recruited after Ramadan from public clinics and a hospital in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 401 outpatients recalled their food consumption frequencies of high-fiber food, deep-fried food, and high-sugar dessert, and relevant knowledge and attitudes. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to examine the research questions. Results: Vegetable consumption and preference were both high among the patients. However, only 4.5% knew that brown rice is rich in fiber, and 19% agreed that whole-grain foods were accessible. Deep-fried food consumption and its availability at home was common, even though the majority considered it should be avoided. Patients with a lower preference for deep-fried foods were less likely to consume deep-fried foods during Ramadan (OR = 0.239, 95% CI = 0.109–0.523, p = 0.001). Knowledge of the glycemic index's health implication was associated with more high-fiber foods consumption (OR = 2.733, 95% CI = 1.179–6.332, p = 0.019). Yet, knowing the potential risk of added sugar on blood glucose level was associated with high-sugar dessert consumption (OR = 2.997, 95% CI = 1.482–6.060, p = 0.002). Conclusion: The patients’ low consumption of whole-grain food and common comsumption of deep-fried food during Ramadan would be the first priority to be improved. Along with dietary knowledge and attitude, food environment could be an important factor that influences patients’ dietary behaviors. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
International Health Program, Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Dr. Zainoel, Abidin General Teaching Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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