A. Azmeri, A. Yulianur, Z. Ziana, Z. Humaira, A.R. Kasury, E. Hidayah
Changes in land use have occurred in several areas in the watershed, from green-covered land to oil palm plantations and settlements. This change is supported by high rainfall, which can increase soil erosion or the rate of erosion and cause river shallowing due to sedimentation. This study aims to determine the extent and distribution of soil erosion and sedimentation on the small flat watershed. Erosion rate was calculated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation method based on the Geographic Information System. The result shows that the erosion rate in the study area reached 32,094.82 Mg·ha–1·yr–1. The level of soil erosion hazard in this area was dominated by the low category of 55.93% with an area of 279.35 km2, followed by the low-moderate (16.61%), moderate (16.99%), high-moderate (6.84%), and high (3.63%) categories. The interactions between USLE parameters significantly affect the annual average level of soil loss. On the small flat watershed, the soil loss for the light and very light categories is usually related to conservation practices and protected areas. Based on the flow bed shear stress above the critical value, the sediment grains move, and sediment transport occurs. The sediment transport flow capacity along the bed varies directly with the difference in shear stress. The findings of this research can help prepare land use scenarios that reduce erosions and sedimentations. The small flat watersheds are a key consideration when utilizing flow connectivity, erosion, and sedimentation functions as enhancement tools in water catchment scale modeling. © 2025 Chinese Soil and Water Conservation Society. All rights reserved.
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Engineering Faculty, Civil Engineering Department, 23111, Indonesia; Jember University, Engineering Faculty, Civil Engineering Department, 68121, Indonesia
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